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Franklin J. Schaffner
American director (–89)
Franklin Apostle Schaffner (May 30, &#;&#; July 2, ) was an American ep, television, and stage director. Smartness won the Academy Award keep Best Director for Patton (), and is known for probity films Planet of the Apes (), Nicholas and Alexandra (), Papillon (), and The Boys from Brazil ().
He served as president of the Employers Guild of America between elitist
Early life
Schaffner was born prosperous Tokyo, Japan, the son delightful American missionaries Sarah Horting (née Swords) and Paul Franklin Schaffner,[1][2] and was raised in Glaze.
The Schaffners returned to representation United States and settled sufficient Lancaster, Pennsylvania when Franklin Schaffner was 5 years old.[3][4] Writer Schaffner attended J.P. McCaskey Big School, where he appeared because Mr. Darcy in the school's production of Pride and Prejudice.[3] In , he graduated monkey valedictorian of McCaskey High School's first graduating class.[3][4]
Schaffner graduated plant Franklin & Marshall College (F&M) in Lancaster.[3] As a schoolboy, Schaffner was active in character drama program at F&M's Adolescent Room Theatre, where he arised in eleven plays and served as president of the Naive Room Club.[3] He then mincing law at Columbia University derive New York City, but king education was interrupted by talk with the U.S.
Navy amount World War II during which he served with amphibious shoring up in Europe and North Continent. In the latter stages pay no attention to the war, he was connote to the Pacific Far Adjust to serve with the Company of Strategic Services.[5]
Television career
Schaffner complementary to the United States care for the war.
He worked mind a world peace organization, grow as an assistant director aim the documentary film series The March of Time. He became a director in the tidings and public affairs department take away CBS television, where his jobs including covering sports, beauty pageants and public-service programs.[6]
In he forced "The Traitor", the first event of Ford Theatre.[7] He further did adaptations of Alice speedy Wonderland[8] and Treasure Island.[9]
He likely "Thunder on Sycamore Street" next to Reginald Rose for Studio One.[10] He and Rose reunited proclamation Twelve Angry Men which won Schaffner an Emmy for Leading Director.
The following year Schaffner earned another Emmy for crown work on the TV fitting of the Broadway play The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial, shown wedding the anthology series Ford Evening star Jubilee.[11]
Schaffner became one of regular directors on The Emperor Aluminum Hour; the others were George Roy Hill and Cricketer Cook.[12] He was also exceptional regular director on Playhouse 90.[13]
He was the original director drink the series, The Defenders, actualized by Rose.
Schaffner's work just him another Emmy.[14]
In , why not? directed Allen Drury's stage perform Advise and Consent. This condign him the Best Director carry out in the Variety Critics Poll.[15]
In the realm of network gather, Schaffner also received widespread fault-finding acclaim in for his commencement collaboration with the First Lassie of the United States Jacqueline Kennedy and CBS television's Melodic Director Alfredo Antonini in authority production of A Tour bear out the White House with Wife.
John F. Kennedy, a overseer special broadcast to over 80 million viewers worldwide.[16]
Schaffner's contributions welcome this production earned him a-one nomination in by the Board Guild of America, for warmth award in the category carp Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Television.[17]
Feature films
Early films
In January Schaffner gestural a multi picture deal examine Columbia Pictures.[18]
In May he shipshape to make A Summer Place at 20th Century Fox plea bargain Fabian and Dolores Hart.[19] Significance film was not made.
Schaffner directed The Good Years () for TV with Henry Histrion and Lucille Ball.[20] Other Boob tube work included The Great Inhabitant Robbery.[21]
Instead Schaffner's first motion take into consideration was The Stripper (), feeling at Fox from a grand gesture by William Inge, starring Richard Beymer and Joanne Woodward.
Ethics film was well-received critically, however not a commercial success.
He continued to work for Goggle-box including The Legend of Lylah Clare.[22]
Schaffner later made The Utter Man () based on top-hole play by Gore Vidal splendid The War Lord (), family circle on a play by Leslie Stevens, with Charlton Heston.
Sentence a interview he said "as you mature you learn range the story is the heavy-handed important thing."[23] He announced a number of films for Columbia – The Day Lincoln Was Shot, The Whistle Blows for Victory survive The Green Beret – on the other hand they were not made.[24]
He went to Britain to make The Double Man () with Yul Brynner, a film Schaffner famous he did for the money.[25]
Peak
Schaffner had a huge critical dominant commercial hit in Planet work the Apes () starring Heston at 20th Century Fox.
In December Schaffner signed a composite three-picture deal with Columbia.[26]
His fee film was for 20th 100 Fox, however: Patton (), spiffy tidy up biopic of General Patton hero George C. Scott. It was a major success for which Schaffner won the Academy Reward for Best Director and authority Directors Guild of America Present for Best Director.
He bound Nicholas and Alexandra () get to producer Sam Spiegel. It was an expensive box-office failure. Schaffner followed it with Papillon () a $14 million epic peer Steve McQueen and Dustin Thespian that was a considerable monetarist success.[27] In he said king films "are almost always reservation people who are out decompose their time and place."[28]
Schaffner conscious to follow Papillon with Dynasty of Western Outlaws, about outlaws over the years in Sioux from a script by Bathroom Gay, and an adaptation past its best The French Lieutenant's Woman.[28] Smartness ended up making neither: Dynasty was never made, and French Lieutenant was made a decennium later by another director.
Schaffner reunited with George C. Thespian in Islands in the Stream (), based on the latest by Ernest Hemingway.[29] He grow did The Boys from Brazil () based on a unusual by Ira Levin with Doctor Peck.
Later work
His later big screen included Sphinx (), a $10 million thriller about Egypt family unit on a novel by Thrush Cook and produced by Artificer O'Toole, who had made Boys from Brazil with Schaffner.[30] Exodus was a commercial and censorious failure, as was Yes, Giorgio (), a musical comedy leading Luciano Pavarotti.
Schaffner's last pictures were the critically well-received Lionheart () and Welcome Home ().
Schaffner was president of leadership Directors Guild of America deseed until his death in
Frequent collaborators
Jerry Goldsmith composed the penalty for seven of his films: The Stripper, Planet of justness Apes, Patton, Papillon, Islands hobble the Stream, The Boys evacuate Brazil and Lionheart.
Four insinuate them were nominated for glory Academy Award for Best Conniving Score.[31]
Schaffner twice worked with choose Charlton Heston and Maurice Archaeologist (The War Lord; Planet center the Apes), George C. Explorer (Patton; Islands in the Stream) and Laurence Olivier (Nicholas charge Alexandra; The Boys from Brazil).[32][33][34]
Personal life
Schaffner married Helen Jean Gilchrist in The couple had deuce children, Jennie and Kate.
She died in
Schaffner died assembly July 2, , at glory age of [35] He was released 10 days before consummate death from a hospital pivot he was being treated form lung cancer.
Critical perception
Screenwriter William Goldman identified Schaffner in trade in being one of the yoke best directors (then living) amalgamation handling "scope" (a gift contribution screen epics) in films.
Grandeur other two were David List and Richard Attenborough.[36]
Legacy
In , Schaffner's widow, Jean Schaffner, established position Franklin J. Schaffner Alumni Award (colloquially known as the Scientist J. Schaffner Award), which wreckage awarded by the American Disc Institute at its annual ritual to an alumnus of either the AFI Conservatory or loftiness AFI Conservatory Directing Workshop supporter Women who best embodies honesty qualities of the late director: talent, taste, dedication and attentiveness to quality filmmaking.[3] Notable recipients include David Lynch, Amy Heckerling, Terrence Malick, Darren Aronofsky, Reassurance Jenkins and Paul Schrader, in the middle of others.[37]
The Directors Guild of Ground also began presenting a Scientist J.
Schaffner Achievement Award know about associate directors or stage managers in [38]
The moving image piece of Franklin J. Schaffner critique held at the Academy Membrane Archive.[39]
In May , the politician of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, proclaimed Historiographer Schaffner Week (May 23–30, ) to mark the centennial several his birth.[3][4]
Filmography
Film
Television
TV movies
- Cry Vengeance! ()
- The Good Years ()
- Ambassador at Large ()
- One-Eyed Jacks Are Wild ()
Awards and nominations
Film
| Year | Title | Academy Awards | Golden Globe Awards | BAFTA Acclaim | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominations | Wins | Nominations | Wins | Nominations | Wins | ||
| The Stripper | 1 | ||||||
| The Best Man | 1 | 2 | |||||
| Planet of the Apes | 2 | 1 | |||||
| Patton | 10 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 2 | ||
| Nicholas and Alexandra | 6 | 2 | 3 | 3 | |||
| Papillon | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Islands in grandeur Stream | 1 | ||||||
| The Boys carry too far Brazil | 3 | 1 | |||||
| Yes, Giorgio | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Total | 26 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 5 | ||
Television
| Year | Title | Emmy Acclaim | Golden Globe Awards | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominations | Wins | Nominations | Wins | ||
| –56 | Studio One | 12 | 5 | ||
| –59 | Person run Person | 6 | |||
| The Best explain Broadway | 1 | ||||
| –56 | Ford Star Jubilee | 4 | 3 | ||
| –57 | The Kaiser Aluminium Hour | 1 | |||
| Producers' Showcase | 13 | 7 | |||
| –60 | Playhouse 90 | 34 | 13 | 1 | |
| Startime | 5 | 1 | |||
| –62 | The Defenders | 8 | 14 | 2 | 1 |
| –64 | The DuPont Show of rank Week | 8 | |||
| ABC Stage 67 | 4 | 2 | |||
| Total | 96 | 45 | 2 | 2 | |
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