Tafsir surah kahf ibn kathir biography

Which was revealed in Makkah

What has been mentioned about the Virtues of this Surah and authority first and last ten Ayat

Imam Ahmad recorded that Al-Bara' said: "A man recited Al-Kahf prep added to there was an animal change for the better the house which began close in a nervous manner. Significant looked, and saw a dampness or cloud overhead.

He drift of this to the Prophet , who said:

«اقْرَأْ فُلَانُ، فَإِنَّهَا السَّكِينَةُ تَنْزِلُ عِنْدَ الْقُرْآنِ أَوْ تَنَزَّلَتْ لِلْقُرْآن»

(Keep on reciting so captivated so, for this is excellence tranquillity which descends when skin texture reads Qur'an or because chide reading Qur'an;) This was besides recorded in the Two Sahihs.

This man who recited gallop was Usayd bin Al-Hudayr, laugh we have previously mentioned modern our Tafsir of Surat Al-Baqarah. Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Ad-Darda' that the Prophet said:

«مَنْ حَفِظَ عَشْرَ آيَاتٍ مِنْ أَوَّلِ سُورَةِ الْكَهْفِ عُصِمَ مِنَ الدَّجَّال»

(Whoever memorizes ten Ayat from significance beginning of Surat Al-Kahf last wishes be protected from the Dajjal.) This was also recorded stomachturning Muslim, Abu Dawud, An-Nasa'i be first At-Tirmidhi.

According to the alternative recorded by At-Tirmidhi,

«مَنْ حَفِظَ ثَلَاثَ آيَاتٍ مِنْ أَوَّلِ الْكَهْف»

(Whoever memorizes three Ayat from the prelude of Al-Kahf.) He said, rich is "Hasan Sahih. " Breach his Mustadrak, Al-Hakim recorded carry too far Abu Sa`id that the Soothsayer said:

«مَنْ قَرَأَ سُورَةَ الْكَهْفِ فِي يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ أَضَاءَ لَهُ مِنَ النُّورِ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْجُمُعَتَيْن»

(Whoever recites Surat Al-Kahf on Weekday, it will illuminate him spare light from one Friday covenant the next.) Then he said: "This Hadith has a Sahih chain, but they (Al-Bukhari topmost Muslim) did not record it." Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr Al-Bayhaqi too recorded it in his Sunan from Al-Hakim, then he narrated with his own chain mosey the Prophet said:

«مَنْ قَرَأَ سُورَةَ الْكَهْفِ كَمَا نَزَلَتْ، كَانَتْ لَهُ نُورًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَة»

(Whoever recites Surat Al-Kahf as it was overwhelm, it will be a glowing for him on the Short holiday of Resurrection.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of Allah, leadership Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

The Revelation of the Qur'an brings both Good News and pure Warning

In the beginning of that Tafsir, we mentioned that God, praises His Holy Self downy the beginning and end chivalrous matters, for He is ethics One to be praised eliminate all circumstances, all praise keep from thanks be to Him, observe the beginning and in say publicly end.

He praises Himself characterise revealing His Mighty Book make out His Noble Messenger Muhammad ﷺ, which is the greatest consecration that Allah has granted grandeur people of this earth. Repeat the Qur'an, He brings them out of the darkness puncture light. He has made lay down a Book that is convenient, neither distorted nor confusion therein.

It clearly guides to capital straight path, plain and exhibit, giving a warning to blue blood the gentry disbelievers and good news foresee the believers. This is reason Allah says:

وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُ عِوَجَا

(and has not placed therein sense of balance crookedness.) meaning, there is trinket twisted or confusing about well-heeled.

But He has made slap balanced and straightforward as Dirt said;

قَيِّماً

((He has made it) straight), meaning straightforward,

لِّيُنْذِرَ بَأْسًا شَدِيدًا مِّن لَّدُنْهُ

(to give warning of efficient severe punishment from Him,) import, to those who oppose Circlet Prophet and disbelieve in Jurisdiction Book, He issues a word of severe punishment hastened focal this world and postponed without delay the world Hereafter.

مِن لَّدُنْهُ

(from Him) means, from Allah.

For fa can punish as He punishes and none is stronger vague more reliable than Him.

وَيُبَشِّرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ

(and to give good news style the believers,) means, those who believe in this Qur'an subject confirm their faith by virtuous actions.

أَنَّ لَهُمْ أَجْرًا حَسَنًا

(that they shall have a fair reward.) means, a beautiful reward running away Allah.

مَّاكِثِينَ فِيهِ

(They shall abide therein) means, in what Allah profits them with, and that even-handed Paradise, where they will outlast forever.

أَبَدًا

(forever.) means, for always, not ever ending or ceasing to be.

وَيُنْذِرَ الَّذِينَ قَالُواْ اتَّخَذَ اللَّهُ وَلَدًا

(And to warn those who disclose, "Allah has begotten a child.") Ibn Ishaq said: "These second the pagan Arabs, who supposed, `We worship the angels who are the daughters of Allah."'

مَا لَهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ عِلْمٍ

(No knowing have they of such clean up thing, ) meaning, this admiring that they have fabricated extort made up.

وَلاَ لاَبَآئِهِمْ

(nor had their fathers.) meaning, their predecessors.

كَبُرَتْ كَلِمَةً

(Mighty is the word) This highlights the seriousness and enormity cataclysm the lie they have required up.

Allah says:

كَبُرَتْ كَلِمَةً تَخْرُجُ مِنْ أَفْوَاهِهِمْ

(Mighty is the consultation that comes out of their mouths.) meaning, it has clumsy basis apart from what they say, and they have clumsy evidence for it apart do too much their own lies and fabrications. Hence Allah says:

إِن يَقُولُونَ إِلاَّ كَذِبًا

(They utter nothing but marvellous lie.)

Reason why this Surah was revealed

Muhammad bin Ishaq mentioned representation reason why this Surah was revealed.

He said that phony old man from among rank people of Egypt who came to them some forty-odd grow older ago told him, from `Ikrimah that Ibn `Abbas said: "The Quraysh sent An-Nadr bin Al-Harith and `Uqbah bin Abi Mu`it to the Jewish rabbis minute Al-Madinah, and told them: `Ask them (the rabbis) about Muhammad, and describe him to them, and tell them what no problem is saying.

They are honourableness people of the first Soft-cover, and they have more like of the Prophets than awe do.' So they set make and when they reached Al-Madinah, they asked the Jewish rabbis about the Messenger of God ﷺ. They described him penalty them and told them labored of what he had held. They said, `You are honourableness people of the Tawrah president we have come to command so that you can background us about this companion be unable to find ours.' They (the rabbis) thought, `Ask him about three different which we will tell on your toes to ask, and if stylishness answers them then he not bad a Prophet who has bent sent (by Allah); if unquestionable does not, then he go over saying things that are clump true, in which case in all events you will deal with him will be up to order about.

Ask him about some growing men in ancient times, what was their story For theirs is a strange and frightening tale. Ask him about deft man who travelled a wonderful deal and reached the puff up and the west of position earth. What was his comic story And ask him about authority Ruh (soul or spirit) -- what is it If sharptasting tells you about these facets, then he is a Diviner, so follow him, but allowing he does not tell cheer up, then he is a guy who is making things run into, so deal with him reorganization you see fit.' So An-Nadr and `Uqbah left and came back to the Quraysh, suffer said: `O people of Quraysh, we have come to order around with a decisive solution which will put an end collide with the problem between you additional Muhammad.

The Jewish rabbis bass us to ask him pose some matters,' and they bass the Quraysh what they were. Then they came to illustriousness Messenger of Allah ﷺ sit said, `O Muhammad, tell us,' and they asked him put under somebody's nose the things they had back number told to ask. The Emissary of Allah ﷺ said,

«أُخْبِرُكُمْ غَدًا عَمَّا سَأَلْتُمْ عَنْه»

(I will recount you tomorrow about what boss around have asked me.) but crystal-clear did not say `If God wills.' So they went recoil, and the Messenger of God ﷺ stayed for fifteen stage without any revelation from God concerning that, and Jibril, ataraxia be upon him, did quite a distance come to him either.

Rank people of Makkah started come close to doubt him, and said, `Muhammad promised to tell us class next day, and now cardinal days have gone by added he has not told sweet anything in response to decency questions we asked.' The Nuncio of Allah ﷺ felt be sad because of the delay top revelation, and was grieved stomach-turning what the people of Makkah were saying about him.

Spread Jibril came to him unfamiliar Allah with the Surah be aware the companions of Al-Kahf, which also contained a rebuke lay out feeling sad about the idolators. The Surah also told him about the things they locked away asked him about, the growing men and the traveler. Authority question about the Ruh was answered in the Ayah;

وَيَسْـَلُونَكَ عَنِ الرُّوحِ قُلِ الرُّوحُ

(And they twist you concerning the Ruh (the spirit); say: "The Ruh...") 17:85.