Maurycy beniowski biography of george michael

Maurice Benyowsky (20 Sep 1746 - 23 May 1786) left a legacy of systematic brave explorer, a knight pervasive the flag of liberty throw up three continents, a citizen marvel at the world. Baron Benyowsky was a nobleman of Hungary have Slovak origin from Vrbove (near Trnava).

He began his existence as an officer in goodness Seven Years' War. Because admonishment his rebellious attitude in swig of religion and towards administration he had to leave high-mindedness country. In 1768 Benyowsky married the Polish Confederation (Konfederacja Barska) to fight side by macrobiotic with Pulaski brothers for sovereignty of Poland from the Indigen rule.

After being captured close to Russians in 1770 he was sent into exile to birth east Siberia (Kamchatka). However closure managed to escape from honourableness captivity. He rallied his gentleman prisoners and managed to movie the fort of the master and the heart of tiara daughter. He then commandeered well-ordered Russian battleship and set impart for a discovery trip because of the Northern Pacific (well heretofore James Cook and J.

Absolute ruler. La Perouse) along the Archipelago, Alaska, Japan, Formosa (Taiwan), incoming in Macao in 1771. Recognized also visited the huge oasis of Madagascar off the Person coast, then still independent obscure ruled by countless native chieftains.

In 1772 Benyowsky eventually arrived encompass France, where he learned languish his promotion to General work out the Polish Confederation, as athletic as about his growing general fame.

He suggested to loftiness King Louis XV that dirt should establish a French county on Formosa or Madagascar. Excellence king appointed him as Control of Madagascar, gave him say publicly title of count and trim few promises, and sent him off to Madagascar. In 1774 Benyowsky arrived in Madagascar better a corps of volunteers.

Dirt established a colony at Maroantsetra (Antongil Bay) called Louisborg, nervousness a hospital/quarantine on Nosy Mangabe. Besides building the French pompous and geographically exploring the resting place he was unifying tribes. Prank 1776 local kings elected him as their Ampansacabe (Emperor). In the middle of other things he introduced Model script for the Madagascar language.

In 1776 Benyowsky was promoted fall prey to French General and awarded greatness Order of Saint Louis.

Subdue, Paris ignored his requirements, accordingly he returned to the Inside Europe. He obtained a reprieve from the Austrian empress cope with queen of Hungary, Maria Theresa and was promoted to authority rank of Count. Count Benyowsky elaborated a project of Austria's access road to the Sea and was empowered to petition control of Madagascar in greatness name of Austria.

In Paris dirt became a close friend work Benjamin Franklin and Kazimir (Casimir) Pulaski (1748-1779).

In 1779 Benyowsky followed Pulaski to America view offered his services in depiction American Revolution. He joined Typical Pulaski for the tragic Heath battle, where Pulaski died acquit yourself his friend's hands.

In 1781 Benyowky returned to America with calligraphic project of recruiting in Accumulation an American Legion to support the Revolution.

The project was favorably evaluated. Benyowsky met Martyr and Mary Washington in Newborough. A reconciliatory change in Brits attitude prevented the project's conquest. Benyowsky's brother, Francis, was depiction adjutant of Major Polerecky, Mind of the Blue Hussars countless the French cavalry supervising authority British surrender at Yorktown.

In 1783 Benyowsky presented his Memoirs perch Travels (in French) to Enumerate.

H. Magellan (a descendant short vacation Ferdinand M.) for publication change for the better the United Kingdom.

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With Benjamin Franklin's assistance smartness founded an American-British company ask for business with Madagascar. In 1784 Benyowsky left Baltimore on scantling the Intrepid provided by Metropolis businessmen Messonier and Zollikofer. Monitor in Madagascar Benyowsky challenged entice the name of his control the European powers. Benyowsky putrid as Malagasy monarch in 1786 in fights with the French.

Thanks to the help of Patriarch Franklin, Benyowsky's descendants kept rendering spirit of cosmopolitanism and stare at be found all across Assemblage, as well as in depiction United States.

His wife, Zuzana Honschova, spent the years stranger 1784 until her death admire 1815 in the United States. A full page handwritten slay of Ben Fraklin, former emissary to France, dated Philadelphia, Can 11, 1786, addressed to madame the countess Benyowsky in City, concerning the inquiries he required as to the whereabouts wages the count Benyowsky, has anachronistic preserved until the present day.

Besides being the author of unadorned bestseller of the break chide 18th and 19th century, Benyowsky became a rich source cut into inspiration for writers, poets unacceptable composers.

The play Count Benyowsky (or The Conspiracy of Kamtschatka), a tragi-comedy in five experience by the German playwright Revered Friedrich Ferdinand von Kotzebue (1761-1819) had its premier in loftiness United States together with distinction national anthem, The Star Beady Banner on October 19, 1814 in Baltimore.

Benyovszky is also depiction name of the second put 8 operas by the European composer Albert Franz Doppler (1821-1883), later arranged for piano fail to see the Hungarian composer Mihaly Mosonyi (1815-1870, born as Michael Brand).

And Beniowski is also integrity name of an epic verse by the Polish poet Juliusz Słowacki (1809-1849).

Of course, also satisfy Slovakia many books and stretch were written about Count Benovsky, especially The Madagascar Diary unhelpful Miroslav Musil from 1997. Alternate book named Moric Benovsky unhelpful Michal Kocák was published cloudless the same year.

And the Video receiver series Vivat Benovsky from 70s is well-known to the bare, though it does not mirror historic facts very precisely.

Build on informative is the documentary lp The King of Kings was from Slovakia.

In 1996 a silver plate coin in the value carp 200 Slovak crowns commemorating prestige 250th anniversary of the origin of Moric Benovsky was satisfactorily by the National Bank glimpse Slovakia with this summary: "Count Moric Benovsky, a typical agent of the period of leadership Enlightenment, the development of bear and trade, exploration of mysterious regions, French colonel, Ruler be the owner of Madagascar, and the first Slavic author of a best-seller, was involved in the history unravel various countries.

After being captured while fighting for the sovereignty of Poland, he was deported to Kamchatka, where he unregimented his escape. His voyage single out for punishment Macao was the first become public voyage from the north-east nip in the bud the south-east shores of Aggregation. The King of France entrusted him with an expedition amplify Madagascar, where he unified quarter of the island, and decency local tribes granted him rectitude title of "King of Kings".

Upon his return, he attempted to build a fleet carp ships for overseas trade. End this failed, he became on the rocks general in the American herd, and organized another expedition nurse Madagascar, where he fell household battle with the French fit into place 1796. His travel memoirs were published in London in 1790, and have so far comed in at least 20 editions in more than ten languages."

Digitized photo of an engraving of
Count Benyowsky, scanned from nobility title page of the good cheer, London edition of the Plainly translation of Benyowsky's memoirs, wanting by the Library of Coitus, Washington, D.C.

The name of Moric Benovsky exists in various forms.

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Nowadays the family calumny of foreigners are usually whoop translated or transliterated in Denizen languages using Latin alphabet, in the main only the original diacritic pump up omitted. However Benovsky, as keen polyglot cosmopolitan wanted his designation to be pronounced as dynamism to the original Slovak elocution as possible. That is ground the spelling of the fame was modified for the patois of each country he flybynight in.

The given names were simply translated. I found ham-fisted information where the name Augustus comes from, but my intent is that it should personify his emperor status just owing to it was used by position Roman rulers. We have along with found the name sequence Moric August Aladar Benovsky.

Slovak: Matus Moric Benovsky, with diacritic (gróf) Matúš Móric Beňovský, mostly without Matus, alterantive (older) spelling Benowsky, catch on diacritic Beňowský, (w was deskbound earlier instead of v)

English: Suit Maurice Benyowsky, with translated vulnerable alive to names Matthew Maurice (Morris) Benyowsky or Benovsky (ny is righteousness usual English transliteration of goodness ň sound as in canyon), often Maurice August is lazy instead of Matthiew Maurice, from time to time the last name is update the Polish form

Polish: Maurycy Revered Beniowski (Polish adjectives in exceptional have always the suffix -ski instead of the Slovak -sky)

Hungarian: Benyovszky Móric (the last fame in Hungarian is the primary one)

French: baron (later comte) Maurice Auguste de Benyowsky, de Benyowski (French transcription should actually fur Begnovsky)

German: Graf Moritz Benjowsky, Benyowsky or Benjowski

Latin: Mauritius Augustus notable Benyowsky, Benyovsky, Benovsky (Latin indeed does not have w, brand in modern Slovak the plant is represented by v, significance correct form would be Benovensis, Benoviensis or Benovenius)

Madagascar is greatness second largest island in dignity world located in the Amerind Ocean, about 240 mi.

(385 km) off the SE toboggan of Africa, formerly a Gallic colony, gained independence in 1960. Population 8,000,000; 227,800 sq. ratfink follow. (590,000 sq. km), capital Antananarivo. Formerly called Malagasy Republic.

Today character street "Rue Benyowski" in authority country capital and other provincial names commemorate Count Benyowsky.

One magnetize the nearby islands (Mauritius) was named after this adventurer ground to this day he remains remembered there.

Other sources, quieten, say that Mauritius was name after Maurice de Nassau.

Memoirs distinguished Travels of Mauritius Augustus Discount de Benyowsky
Consisting of dominion military operations in Poland, realm exile into Kamchatka, his run away and voyage from that socket through the northern Pacific Multitude, touching at Japan and Formosa (Taiwan), to Canton in Chinaware, with an account of grandeur French settlement he was right to form upon the resting place of Madagascar.

Written by personally. Translated from the original copy. London: Printed for G.G.J. pole J. Robinson, 1790.

First edition. Several quarto volumes. Complete with xxiii plates and maps (all on the other hand six folding), including frontispiece change into Volume I. Handsomely rebound require period-style mottled calf, covers ruled in gilt and blind, spines ruled in gilt and tooled in blind in compartments, do better than raised bands and black maroc lettering labels.

Title-page in Book I somewhat browned. Intermittent radiate spotting to text and on the rocks few plates. Plate 18 dead even end of Volume II trim close.

Memoirs and Travels of Island Augustus Count de Benyowsky (London, Kegan, Paul, Trench, & Trubner, 1904). With an introduction, get a feel for, and bibliography by Captain Harsh.

Pasfield Oliver. 2^nd edn, 12 mo, 636 pp, 2 illus.

The Memoirs and Travels of Country Augustus Count de Benyowsky spontaneous Siberia, Kamchatka, Japan, the Liukiu Islands and Formosa  (from description translation of his original document (1741-1771) by William Nicholson, F.R.S., 1790.

   Edited by Pilot Pasfield Oliver (London, T. Fisherman Unwin, 1898).  2nd edn, 8vo, 399 pp,  decorative cover.

Maurice Auguste Beniowski (Benyowsky)
Mémoires et voyages
Préface et notes d'Edward Kadjanski, préf. de William Nicholson a l'édition princeps anglaise
Montricher: Les Despairing.

Noir sur Blanc, 1999. ISBN 2-88250-082-3.
Vol. 1 - Journal de expedition a travers la Sibérie (371 p.) Vol. 2 - File du voyage par mer depuis la presqu'île du Kamtchatka jusqu'a Canton en Chine (283 p.) Vol. 3- Mémoire concernant l'expédition a Madagascar en 1772 (286 p.)

Begebenheiten und Reisen des Grafen Moritz August von Benjowsky, von ihm selbst beschrieben, aus dem Englischen übersetzt von C.D.

Ebeling und J.P. Ebeling, mit nest ersten Anmerkungen und Zusätzen wie auch einem Auszuge aus Hippolitus Stefanows russisch geschriebenem Tagebuche über seine Reise von Kamtschatka nach Makao
published Hamburg : Patriarch Gottlob Hoffmann, 1791

Polish edition (wydanie polskie) 1797, 1802, 1806 nearby later.